The Earth is Spherical or Egg like or Geoid in shape or structure. Its circumference is about 40000 km and diameter is 12756 km across the equator. It is tilted at an angle of 23½° with the perpendicular to the plane of earth orbit i.e. making an angle of 66½° with the orbital plane.
The framework of intersecting lines is called as GRID. The horizontal lines are known as Latitudes and the vertical lines are known as Longitudes.
These lines are drawn horizontally on the Globe and are parallel to each other called as Parallels of Latitude .
The circular line halfway between the North Pole and South Pole is known as Equator .
Equator is also called as the longest circle or the Great Circle. It is the diameter of the Earth.
The Poles are just points and measure 90°N (North Pole) and 90°S (South Pole).
The part of the Globe that lies to the North of the equator is called as Northern Hemisphere and the part of the Globe that lies to the South of the equator is called as Southern Hemisphere.
IMPORTANT PARALLELS
Tropic of Cancer (23½°, North of the equator)
Tropic of Capricorn (23½°, South of the equator)
The Arctic Circle (66½°N)
The Antarctic Circle (66½°S)
*Points to Remember
Important points regarding Tropic of Cancer-
Tropic of Cancer
The Tropic of Cancer is also known as the Northern Tropic. It is situated in 23°26'13.4" north of the equator.
21st June is considered as very hot day for Northern Hemisphere. When all the rays of Sun comes on 23½°N is called as 'Northern Tropic' or 'Summer Solstice'. Southern hemisphere is cold at that time as no sun rays reach at that part of Earth.
"Tropic of Cancer" divides India into Northern and Southern Part. "Tropic of Cancer" passes through 8 states of India they are -
Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, Mizoram.
The minimum area that is cutted by 'Tropic of Cancer' in India is "Rajasthan" and the maximum area that is cutted by 'Tropic of Cancer' in India is "Madhya Pradesh".
Tropic of Cancer passes through total three continents they are they are North America, Africa, Asia.
Countries through which Tropic of Cancer passes through in North America (2 countries) Continent -
1. Mexico
2. Bahamas
Countries through which Tropic of Cancer passes through in Africa (7 countries) Continent -
1. Niger
2. Algeria
3. Mauritania
4. Egypt
5. Western Sahara
6. Mali
7. Libya
Countries through which Tropic of Cancer passes through in Asia (8 countries) Continent -
1. Myanmar
2. Oman
3. Bangladesh
4. India
5. South Arabia
6. China
7. UAE ( United Arab Emirates)
8. Taiwan
Water bodies through which Tropic of Cancer passes are
1. Atlantic Ocean
2. Pacific Ocean
3. Indian Ocean
Questions asked on Tropic of Cancer
Q1. The cities through which Tropic of cancer passes? Which all options are correct?
1. Ahmedabad 2. Hooghly
3. Bhopal
4. Lucknow
Answer- 1, 2, 3 are correct
Tropic of cancer passes through cities -
Ahmedabad in Gujarat,
Ujjain, Bhopal, Jabalpur, Shahdol in Madhya Pradesh,
Hooghly in West Bengal.
Q2. The latitude that passes through Arunachal Pradesh also passes through which of the following states?
1. Bihar 2. Haryana
3. Uttar Pradesh
Select the correct answer from the following codes
a.Only 1 b.Only 1 and 2 c.Only 2 and 3 d.1,2 and 3
Answer - c
The latitude that passes through Arunachal Pradesh also passes through Assam, Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Rajasthan.
Q3. Which line passes through India?
a. Tropic of Cancer
b. Tropic of Capricorn
c. Equator
d. International Date line
Answer - a
Q4. Which city is nearest to Tropic of Cancer?
Answer - Udaipur
Q5. Which capital is farthest from Tropic of Cancer?
Answer - Jaipur
Q6. Which capital is nearest to Tropic of Cancer?
Answer - Ranchi
Q7. Which river divides Tropic of Cancer in two parts?
Answer - Mahi River
Mahi river flows through Vindhaya Range. It originates from Minda Village, Dhar District, Madhya Pradesh and falls in Gulf of Khambhat in Arabian Sea.
Q8. Tropic of Cancer passes through which Gulf?
Answer - 1. Gulf of Mexico
2. Gulf of California
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